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| c. 1000 |
| | | A Muslim dynasty is established at Gao, on the Niger | |
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| 1024 |
| | | Conrad II is elected as the German king, begining the dynasty variously known as Franconian or Salian | |
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| c. 1050 |
| | | Ife emerges as a powerful kingdom in the equatorial forest of the lower Niger | |
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| 1096 |
| | | Peter the Hermit, an old monk on a donkey, leads the largest of the popular groups from Germany on the first crusade | |
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| 1096 |
| | | The German crusade begins with a massacre of Jews in many of the region's cities | |
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| 1138 |
| | | Conrad III, of the Hohenstaufen family, is elected German king - a title which remains in the family for more than a century, bringing with it that of Holy Roman emperor | |
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| 1147 |
| | | The second crusade is led east by two kings, Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany | |
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| c. 1150 |
| | | In feudal France and Germany Charlemagne is by now venerated as a saint | |
|  | Reliquary head of Charlemagne
Fotofile CG
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| c. 1150 |
| | | German merchants begin trading along the coasts of Latvia and Estonia, a region to which they give the name Livonia | |
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| 1152 |
| | | Frederick Barbarossa becomes king of Germany and Holy Roman emperor, greatly extending the power of the empire during a long reign | |
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